Another group, the Kassites, went south in Babylonia, and yet another group, the Mitanni or northern Mesopotamia (or Iraq) went southwestward in Tigris and Euphrates valleys, and a region called the Fertile Crescent (Migration).
In the same manner, the ancestors of the Hindus went southward, in northwestern India, and along the banks of the Indus and Ganges rivers. This occurred with the Hitties (or Indo-European people) crossing into Asia Minor from Europe. There were ancient migrations as in the case of the spread of the Indo-European family of languages, which happened before 3000 B.C. Who are migrating where? It is a question that cannot be accurately answered, because there had been movements of people in preliterate societies. Social causes, which cause more migration than do natural causes, include demographic issues (increasing population resulting in lack of food supply), political problems, a desire for material gain, or for greater economic opportunity in the face of large-scale technological change (Migration). The natural causes of migration include changes in climate (in which case people look for warmer or colder lands), volcanic eruptions or floods, and periodic fluctuations in rainfall (Migration). In the same article, the specific stimuli for migrations are referred to as either natural or social causes. An example would be the use of horse which was introduced into the Middle East by Asian invaders, later spreading to Europe and the Americans (Migration). The migration of people has led to accelerated mixing of stocks and mutual infusion of cultural and physical characteristics, including tools, habits, ideas, and forms of social organization, which have been prerequisites for the development of modern civilization (which would have taken place much more slowly if people did not move from place to place) (Migration). Even in the Stone Age, however, this isolation was not complete, for migrations resulted in a complicated pattern of blood relationships through widely separated groups (Migration). The same article asserts that humans have migrated since they evolved in East Africa 6 to 2 million years ago and that their original differentiation into ethnic groups appears to have been the result of separate groups of people who migrated from central points of origin. According to an article, a group of people migrates because of a more favorable place or region or because of some adverse condition or combination of conditions in the home environment (Migration, 2006). Sociological Thought: Ideas in HistoricalĪll throughout the history of humankind, people have moved in and out of places.
IN REFERENCE TO LEWIS COSER'S MASTERS OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT: IDEAS IN HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL CONTEXT, SOCIOLOGY
0 kommentar(er)
